Mr. President, Dr. Conant, members of the Board of Overseers, Ladies and Gentlemen: I am profoundlyadv. /prəˈfaʊndli/ 深深地，极其 grateful, touched by the great distinctionn. /dɪˈstɪŋkʃn/ 殊荣，荣誉 and honor and great compliment accordedv. /əˈkɔːrdɪd/ 给予，授予（accord 的过去分词） me by the authorities of Harvard this morning. I am overwhelmedadj. /ˌoʊvərˈwelmd/ 不知所措的，受宠若惊的, as a matter of fact, and I am rather fearfuladj. /ˈfɪrfl/ 担心的，惶恐的 of my inability to maintain such a high rating as you've been generous enough to accord to me. In these historic and lovely surroundings, this perfect day, and this very wonderful assemblyn. /əˈsembli/ 集会，聚会, it is a tremendously impressive thing to an individual in my position.
校长先生、科南特博士、监事会各位成员、女士们、先生们：我深怀感激，今晨哈佛校方给予我的这份殊荣、敬意与盛赞令我动容。说实话，我受宠若惊，也颇有些惶恐——担心自己无法维持各位慷慨赋予我的如此之高的评价。置身于这充满历史感的优美环境、这样完美的天气、这样一场盛大的集会之中，对于处在我的位置上的人来说，这是极为震撼的体验。
But to speak more seriously, I need not tell you that the world situation is very serious. That must be apparentadj. /əˈpærənt/ 明显的，显而易见的 to all intelligent people. I think one difficulty is that the problem is one of such enormous complexityn. /kəmˈpleksəti/ 复杂性 that the very mass of facts presented to the public by press and radio make it exceedingly difficult for the man in the street to reach a clear appraisementn. /əˈpreɪzmənt/ 评估，判断 of the situation. Furthermore, the people of this country are distant from the troubled areas of the earth, and it is hard for them to comprehendv. /ˌkɑːmprɪˈhend/ 理解，领会 the plightn. /plaɪt/ 困境，苦难 and consequent reactions of the long-sufferingadj. /ˌlɔːŋ ˈsʌfərɪŋ/ 长期受苦的，饱经忧患的 peoples of Europe and the effect of those reactions on their governments in connection with our efforts to promote peace in the world.
但说得更严肃一些，我无须告诉各位，世界局势非常严峻。这一点对所有有识之士都显而易见。我认为困难之一在于：这个问题复杂得异乎寻常，以致报刊与广播向公众呈现的大量事实，反而使普通人极难对局势作出清晰的判断。再者，这个国家的人民远离世界上那些动荡地区，他们很难体会饱经忧患的欧洲各国人民的困境及其由此产生的反应，也很难体会这些反应如何影响其政府，又如何牵涉到我们促进世界和平的努力。
In considering the requirements for the rehabilitationn. /ˌriːəˌbɪlɪˈteɪʃn/ 复兴，恢复重建 of Europe, the physical loss of life, the visible destruction of cities, factories, mines, and railroads was correctly estimated, but it has become obvious during recent months that this visible destruction was probably less serious than the dislocationn. /ˌdɪsloʊˈkeɪʃn/ 混乱，失调 of the entire fabricn. /ˈfæbrɪk/ 结构，体系 of European economy. For the past ten years conditions have been highly abnormal. The feverishadj. /ˈfiːvərɪʃ/ 狂热的，焦躁的 preparation for war and the more feverish maintenance of the war effort engulfedv. /ɪnˈɡʌlfd/ 吞没，席卷 all aspects of national economies. Machinery has fallen into disrepair or is entirely obsoleteadj. /ˌɑːbsəˈliːt/ 过时的，废弃的. Under the arbitraryadj. /ˈɑːrbətreri/ 专横的，任意的 and destructive Nazi rule, virtually every possible enterprise was geared into the German war machine. Long-standing commercial ties, private institutions, banks, insurance companies, and shipping companies disappeared through loss of capital, absorption through nationalizationn. /ˌnæʃnələˈzeɪʃn/ 国有化, or by simple destruction.
在考量欧洲复兴所需的条件时，人员生命的实际损失、城市工厂矿山铁路的有形破坏，都被正确地估算过；但近几个月来已很明显：这种有形破坏，其严重程度或许还比不上整个欧洲经济结构的失调。过去十年来，局势极不正常。狂热的备战以及更为狂热的战争维持，吞没了国民经济的方方面面。机器或失修，或彻底报废。在纳粹专横而具破坏性的统治下，几乎所有可能的企业都被纳入德国战争机器。长期存在的商业纽带、私人机构、银行、保险公司与航运公司，因资本流失、国有化吞并或干脆被摧毁而消失。
In many countries, confidence in the local currencyn. /ˈkɜːrənsi/ 货币 has been severelyadv. /səˈvɪrli/ 严重地，剧烈地 shaken. The breakdown of the business structure of Europe during the war was complete. Recovery has been seriously retardedv. /rɪˈtɑːrdɪd/ 延缓，阻碍 by the fact that two years after the close of hostilitiesn. /hɑːˈstɪlətiz/ 敌对行动，战事 a peace settlementn. /ˈsetlmənt/ 和解，协定 with Germany and Austria has not been agreed upon. But even given a more prompt solution of these difficult problems, the rehabilitation of the economic structure of Europe quite evidently will require a much longer time and greater effort than had been foreseenv. /fɔːrˈsiːn/ 预见（foresee 的过去分词）.
在许多国家，人们对本国货币的信心已受到严重动摇。战争期间欧洲商业结构的崩溃是彻底的。停战两年之后，对德国与奥地利的和约仍未达成，这严重拖延了复苏进程。然而，即便这些难题能得到更迅速的解决，欧洲经济结构的复兴显然仍将需要比原先预见的更长的时间和更大的努力。
There is a phase of this matter which is both interesting and serious. The farmer has always produced the foodstuffsn. /ˈfuːdstʌfs/ 食品，粮食 to exchange with the city dweller for the other necessities of life. This division of laborn. /dɪˈvɪʒn əv ˈleɪbər/ 劳动分工 is the basis of modern civilization. At the present time it is threatened with breakdown. The town and city industries are not producing adequateadj. /ˈædɪkwət/ 充足的，足够的 goods to exchange with the food-producing farmer. Raw materialsn. /rɔː məˈtɪriəlz/ 原材料 and fuel are in short supply. Machinery, as I have said, is lacking or worn outadj. /wɔːrn aʊt/ 磨损的，破旧的. The farmer or the peasant cannot find the goods for sale which he desires to purchase. So the sale of his farm produce for money which he cannot use seems to him an unprofitableadj. /ʌnˈprɑːfɪtəbl/ 无利可图的，不划算的 transaction. He, therefore, has withdrawn many fields from crop cultivation and he's using them for grazingn. /ˈɡreɪzɪŋ/ 放牧. He feeds more grain to stock and finds for himself and his family an ample supply of food, however short he may be on clothing and the other ordinary gadgetsn. /ˈɡædʒɪts/ 小玩意，小器具 of civilization.
这件事有一个既有趣又严峻的层面。农民一向生产粮食，与城里人交换其他生活必需品。这种劳动分工是现代文明的基础。而目前，它正面临崩溃的威胁。城镇工业没有生产出足够的商品，用来与生产粮食的农民交换。原材料与燃料供给短缺。正如我所说，机器要么匮乏，要么已经磨损。农民或小农买不到他想要购买的商品。于是，把自己的农产品换成他无法使用的钱，在他看来成了一桩无利可图的买卖。因此，他把许多田地退出耕种，改作放牧。他拿更多谷物喂牲畜，为自己和家人弄到充足的食物，尽管衣物以及文明的其他寻常小物件可能十分匮乏。
Meanwhile, people in the cities are short of food and fuel, and in some places approaching the starvationn. /stɑːrˈveɪʃn/ 饥饿，饿死 levels. So, the governments are forced to use their foreign money and credits to procurev. /prəˈkjʊr/ 取得，获得 these necessities abroad. This process exhaustsv. /ɪɡˈzɔːsts/ 耗尽，用光 funds which are urgently needed for reconstruction. Thus, a very serious situation is rapidly developing which bodesv. /boʊdz/ 预示（bode 的第三人称单数） no good for the world. The modern system of the division of labor upon which the exchange of products is based is in danger of breaking down. The truth of the matter is that Europe's requirements for the next three or four years of foreign food and other essential products — principally from America — are so much greater than her present ability to pay that she must have substantialadj. /səbˈstænʃl/ 大量的，实质性的 additional help or face economic, social, and political deteriorationn. /dɪˌtɪriəˈreɪʃn/ 恶化，退化 of a very graveadj. /ɡreɪv/ 严重的，重大的 character.
与此同时，城里人缺少食物和燃料，有些地方已接近饿死的境地。于是，各国政府被迫动用外汇与信贷，到国外采购这些必需品。这一过程耗尽了重建急需的资金。如此，一种极其严峻的局面正在迅速形成，对世界绝非吉兆。产品交换所依据的现代劳动分工体系，正面临崩溃的危险。实情是：未来三四年里，欧洲对外国粮食及其他关键产品的需求——主要来自美国——远远超出它目前的支付能力，因此它必须获得大量额外援助，否则将面临性质极为严重的经济、社会与政治恶化。
The remedyn. /ˈremədi/ 补救办法，对策 seems to lie in breaking the vicious circlen. /ˈvɪʃəs ˈsɜːrkl/ 恶性循环 and restoringv. /rɪˈstɔːrɪŋ/ 恢复，重建 the confidence of the people of Europe in the economic future of their own countries and of Europe as a whole. The manufacturern. /ˌmænjuˈfæktʃərər/ 制造商，厂商 and the farmer throughout wide areas must be able and willingadj. /ˈwɪlɪŋ/ 愿意的，乐意的 to exchange their product for currenciesn. /ˈkɜːrənsiz/ 货币（复数）, the continuing value of which is not open to questionphr. /ˈoʊpən tə ˈkwestʃən/ 有待质疑的，可存疑的.
补救之道似乎在于打破这一恶性循环，并恢复欧洲人民对本国以及整个欧洲经济前景的信心。广大地区的制造商与农民，必须能够并且愿意用自己的产品去交换货币，而这些货币的持续价值不应受到质疑。
Aside from the demoralizingadj. /dɪˈmɔːrəlaɪzɪŋ/ 使人沮丧的，打击士气的 effect on the world at large and the possibilities of disturbancesn. /dɪˈstɜːrbənsɪz/ 动荡，骚乱 arising as a result of the desperationn. /ˌdespəˈreɪʃn/ 绝望，铤而走险 of the people concerned, the consequences to the economy of the United States should be apparent to all. It is logical that the United States should do whatever it is able to do to assist in the return of normal economic health in the world, without which there can be no political stabilityn. /stəˈbɪləti/ 稳定 and no assured peace. Our policy is directed not against any country or doctrinen. /ˈdɑːktrɪn/ 主义，教条 but against hunger, poverty, desperation, and chaos. Its purpose should be the revivaln. /rɪˈvaɪvl/ 复兴，复苏 of a working economy in the world so as to permit the emergencen. /ɪˈmɜːrdʒəns/ 出现，兴起 of political and social conditions in which free institutionsn. /ˌɪnstɪˈtuːʃnz/ 制度，机构 can exist.
且不谈这对整个世界造成的士气打击，以及相关民众因绝望而可能引发的动荡，其后果对美国经济的影响也应当为所有人所看清。美国理应尽其所能，协助世界恢复正常的经济健康——没有这一点，就不可能有政治稳定，也不可能有可靠的和平。我们的政策并不针对任何国家或任何主义，而是针对饥饿、贫困、绝望与混乱。其目标应是让世界经济重新运转起来，从而为自由制度的存续创造政治与社会条件。
Such assistance, I am convinced, must not be on a piecemealadj. /ˈpiːsmiːl/ 零敲碎打的，零散的 basis, as various crises develop. Any assistance that this Government may renderv. /ˈrendər/ 提供，给予 in the future should provide a cure rather than a mere palliativen. /ˈpæliətɪv/ 治标之策，姑息手段. Any government that is willing to assist in the task of recovery will find full cooperation, I am sure, on the part of the United States Government. Any government which maneuversv. /məˈnuːvərz/ 耍手段，操纵 to block the recovery of other countries cannot expect help from us. Furthermore, governments, political parties, or groups which seek to perpetuatev. /pərˈpetʃueɪt/ 使永久化，使持续 human misery in order to profit therefrom politically or otherwise will encounterv. /ɪnˈkaʊntər/ 遭遇，遇到 the oppositionn. /ˌɑːpəˈzɪʃn/ 反对，抵制 of the United States.
我确信，这类援助绝不能采取随着一场场危机出现而零敲碎打的方式。本政府今后可能提供的任何援助，都应当治病，而不只是缓解症状。任何愿意协助复兴事业的政府，我相信都会得到美国政府的充分合作。任何企图阻挠他国复兴的政府，都别指望从我们这里得到帮助。此外，那些为了在政治上或其他方面从中获利而企图使人间苦难长期延续的政府、政党或团体，都将遭到美国的反对。
It is already evident that before the United States Government can proceed much further in its efforts to alleviatev. /əˈliːvieɪt/ 减轻，缓解 the situation and help start the European world on its way to recovery, there must be some agreement among the countries of Europe as to the requirements of the situation and the part those countries themselves will take in order to give a proper effect to whatever actions might be undertaken by this Government. It would be neither fitting nor efficaciousadj. /ˌefɪˈkeɪʃəs/ 有效的，奏效的 for our Government to undertake to draw up unilaterallyadv. /ˌjuːnɪˈlætərəli/ 单方面地 a program designed to place Europe on its feetphr. /ɑːn ɪts fiːt/ 站稳脚跟，恢复元气 economically. This is the business of the Europeans. The initiativen. /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/ 主动权，倡议, I think, must come from Europe. The role of this country should consist of friendly aid in the draftingv. /ˈdræftɪŋ/ 起草，拟定 of a European program and of later support of such a program so far as it may be practical for us to do so. The program should be a jointadj. /dʒɔɪnt/ 共同的，联合的 one, agreed to by a number, if not all, European nations.
已经很明显：在美国政府进一步努力缓解局势、帮助欧洲世界走上复兴之路以前，欧洲各国之间必须就形势所需、以及它们自身将承担的角色达成某种一致，以便使本政府可能采取的任何行动产生应有的效果。由我国政府单方面制定一项旨在让欧洲经济重新站稳脚跟的计划，既不合宜，也不会奏效。这是欧洲人自己的事。我认为，主动权必须来自欧洲。我国的角色，应当是在起草欧洲方案时提供友好的协助，并在日后对这样的方案给予支持——只要这在我们力所能及的范围之内。这一方案应当是共同的方案，由若干（即便不是全部）欧洲国家同意。
An essentialadj. /ɪˈsenʃl/ 必不可少的，关键的 part of any successful action on the part of the United States is an understanding on the part of the people of America of the charactern. /ˈkærəktər/ 性质，特征 of the problem and the remedies to be applied. Political passionn. /ˈpæʃn/ 激情，激烈情绪 and prejudicen. /ˈpredʒudɪs/ 偏见 should have no part. With foresightn. /ˈfɔːrsaɪt/ 远见，先见之明, and a willingness on the part of our people to face up to the vastadj. /væst/ 巨大的，广阔的 responsibility which history has clearly placed upon our country, the difficulties I have outlined can and will be overcomev. /ˌoʊvərˈkʌm/ 克服，战胜.
美国方面任何成功行动的关键一环，在于美国人民要理解这一问题的性质以及需要采取的补救措施。政治激情与偏见不应掺入其中。只要有远见，只要我们的人民愿意正视历史明确赋予我国的这一巨大责任，我所概述的这些困难就能够、也必将被克服。
I am sorry that on each occasion I have said something publicly in regard to our international situation, I have been forced by the necessitiesn. /nəˈsesətiz/ 需要，必要性 of the case to enter into rather technicaladj. /ˈteknɪkl/ 技术性的，专业性的 discussions. But, to my mind, it is of vast importance that our people reach some general understanding of what the complicationsn. /ˌkɑːmplɪˈkeɪʃnz/ 复杂情况，纠葛 really are, rather than reactv. /riˈækt/ 作出反应 from a passion or a prejudice or an emotionn. /ɪˈmoʊʃn/ 情绪，情感冲动 of the moment.
很抱歉，每当我公开谈及我国所处的国际局势，都因情势所需而不得不进入相当技术性的讨论。但在我看来，极为重要的是：我们的人民应当对这些纠葛究竟是什么形成某种总体上的理解，而不是出于一时的激情、偏见或情绪作出反应。
As I said more formally a moment ago, we are remoteadj. /rɪˈmoʊt/ 遥远的，远离的 from the scene of these troubles. It is virtually impossible at this distance merely by reading, or listening, or even seeing photographs and motion pictures, to grasp at all the real significancen. /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/ 意义，重要性 of the situation. And yet the whole world of the future hangsv. /hæŋz/ 悬于，取决于 on a proper judgmentn. /ˈdʒʌdʒmənt/ 判断，评判. It hangs, I think, to a large extent on the realizationn. /ˌriːələˈzeɪʃn/ 认识，领悟 of the American people, of just what are the various dominantadj. /ˈdɑːmɪnənt/ 主要的，支配性的 factors. What are the reactions of the people? What are the justificationsn. /ˌdʒʌstɪfɪˈkeɪʃnz/ 理由，正当性 of those reactions? What are the sufferingsn. /ˈsʌfərɪŋz/ 苦难，痛苦? What is needed? What can best be done? What must be done?
正如我刚才较为正式地说过的那样，我们远离这些纷扰的发生地。在这样的距离之外，仅靠阅读、收听，甚至观看照片与影片，实际上根本无法把握这一局势的真正意义。然而，未来整个世界都系于一个恰当的判断之上。我认为，这在很大程度上系于美国人民的认识——认清各种主导因素究竟是什么。人民的反应是什么？这些反应有何正当理由？苦难是什么？需要什么？最好能做什么？必须做什么？
Thank you very much.
非常感谢各位。